Health risks of residential indoor and outdoor exposure to fine particle-bound phthalates

We performed residential indoor fine particle (PM2.5) measurement from 26 homes and three outdoor monitoring locations. Six PM2.5-bound phthalate easters (PAEs) — including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) — were measured using a thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer method. Average concentrations of summation of six PAEs (Σ6PAEs) in residential indoors (646.9 ng/m3) were slightly lower than the outdoor levels.