numerical simulation

To study the thermal effects on airflow in a street canyon under real heating conditions (due to diurnal solar radiation), a one-way static approach combining an urban canopy model and CFD is proposed in this paper. An urban canopy model was developed to calculate the individual temperatures of surfaces in the street canyon. The calculated surface temperature may be used as a thermal boundary for CFD simulation. The reliability of this model was validated against a field experiment in Harbin, China.

In order to get more effective natural ventilation into a room with a single sided opening or large depth, two new window types have been developed in the laboratory. These are based on three new patent developments. The first window is defined as a dual level ‘up-down folio’ window which consists of two pairs of openable sashes with one pair placed directly above the other.  The second is a multi-sash mid-pivoted window with vertical deflectors.

Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are primarily designed for ensuring good indoor air quality and thermal comfort. However, building energy requirements tend to put demand on reducing air change rates. Passive control of jet flows in order to enhance mixing and entrainment may be a solution to this problem.

The Aluminerie Alouette Inc. (AAI) smelter in northern Quebec, Canada recently completed a major plant expansion that includes a new casthouse for the continuous production of low-profile, air-cooled aluminium sows. The radiation and convection heat release of 15 MW to the workplace from the aluminium metal solidification and cooling is significantly higher than that experienced in the traditional water-cooled casting process where the majority of the heat is removed by the cooling water.

In this paper, a review is made of the adaptive thermal comfort model. This is then applied and compared with the performance of the conventional thermal comfort model for a school located in a Mediterranean weather environment. Measurement data, combined with a building thermal response numerical model, are used to define the comfort performance under ambient natural ventilation and passive conditions for various classrooms. These results can then be used to identify the locations that require further measures to improve comfort, such as extra passive heat load and shading measures.

The ventilation efficiency of different ventilation patterns inside a room containing one person and officefurniture arranged by different inlet/outlet configurations was investigated. The numerical simulation(CFD) was first adopted to predict air flow pattern and ventilation performance. Then, a laboratoryexperimental measurement at room air distribution in a full-scale test chamber was conducted using thehot wire velocimetry (IFA300) to validate the simulation results.

The three-dimensional heat transfer performance of the slotted light steel-framed composite wall atminimum temperature is simulated using the finite element software of ANSYS. Based on the simulatedresults of heat transfer and the theory of moisture permeation, moisture transfer of the composite wall iscalculated. The results show that there is no condensation at the inner wall surface at the minimumtemperature in Harbin when the thickness of the wall is 229mm. The condensation may occur in the rockwool near the outer wall.

The groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system is an open-loop system that draws water from a well orsurface water, passes it through a heat exchanger and discharges the water into an injection well ornearby river. By utilizing the relatively stable temperature of groundwater, this system can achieve ahigher coefficient of performance and offers a more energy-saving solution than the conventionalair-source heat pump (ASHP) system. On the other hand, its performance significantly depends on thecharacteristics of the groundwater and the underground thermal properties.

A numerical simulation study on natural ventilation of two connected chambers in connection with anambient environment is presented in the paper. Extending a model of single-room displacementventilation, this study addresses a space consisting of two chambers connected by one opening at thelow level of the shared wall. A thermal load is placed only in one chamber, referred as a forced chamber,and the other chamber, unforced chamber, has no heat load. The space is connected to the outsideambient environment to have displacement ventilation in both chambers.

In this paper, we discuss the characteristics, of diatomite, a moisture-absorbent material used for anew air-conditioning system. Diatomite powder is formed into grains (diameter: 8 mm) with a slantrotatingprocessing machine. After that, the grains are baked. Small balls (diameter: 45 mm) are thenformed from the grains, and are used as moisture-absorbent materials for cells in a moistureabsorbentdehumidifying ventilation device. Gross moisture conductivity (GMC) of the small balls wasmeasured under two conditions.