modelling

Shows that the interior pressures in buildings are amenable to more detailed analysis than is conventionally given them and that useful information on them can be easily derived from the wind tunnel data on external pressures. The uncertainties can be expressed in parallel statistical terms. The importance of fluctuating pressures are related to the area of the opening and interior volume and a simple criterion indicates when these are likely to be important.

Presents an analytical model for the prediction of ventilation rates, internal pressures and temperatures as influenced by the combined effects of heat dissipation inside industrial buildings and natural wind action. The model inputs are external pressure distribution, pressure drop coefficients of theopenings and thermal conductance of the walls and roof assumed to be knownfrom experimental data. A simple example is worked out. It consists of a two span long building, equipped with a natural ventilation system and divided into two internal spaces differently heated.

An experiment was indertaken in order to explore sensitivity of measured pressures to the accuracy with which the terrain and boundary layer winds are modelled. A 1:100 scale model was tested for a single roof pitch and wind angle and eight different boundary layer simulations. The experiment was conducted as part of a review of the reliability of wind tunnel test data when compared with full scale experiments, such as those carried out by the Building Research Establishment at Aylesbury.

Conducts a study of wind loading of low buildings, based on models of several different heights, lengths and roof slopes, and includes roofs with and wthout eaves and both open country and urban exposures. This forms the basis of the National Building Code of Canada.

Indoor air quality is determined by the sources of the contaminants and the methods used to control their concentrations. To predict the quality of air, algorithms are needed to model the rates of generation, transfer and removal of contamina

Develops a calculation procedure to predict the room air temperature and heat load of Japanese housing. Includes the process to calculate natural ventilation precisely. Predicts the room air temperatures of 2 experimental houses using this method. Finds that the prediction agrees well with actual measurements.

Describes a comprehensive investigation undertaken to determine the wind pressures on surfaces of models of typical low-rise buildings. For many practical applications building surfaces like facade coverings or tiled roofs are permeable. For those coverings the pressure equilibration across thepermeable surface is important when determining the net windload. Gives a survey of the physical parameters influencing the windload of permeable surface coverings. Presents results of a continuing study of the wind load on permeable facade coverings.

Uses model buildings to study external distribution of wind pressure and internal air flow. Compares air flow data with computed values derived from the pressure distribution data. Collects the pressure data obtained in a comprehensive study of wind loads on low-rise buildings and rearranges it in a form more suited to the computation of internal flows. Presents and discusses the methods emloyed in the reformulation and the results obtained. Briefly describes the development of design aids from which flow estimates could be made by simple hand calculations.

Performs tracer gas measurements and fan pressurization experiments on an 8-storied student residential building in order to determine the influence of wind as well as of stack effect upon air infiltration. Compares pressure and tracer gas distributions with those from a predictive infiltration computer model for high rise buildings.

Determines ventilation rates and intercell flow rates in naturally ventilated office building using multiple tracer gases. Subdivides the building into 3zones and seeds each zone individually with a different tracer gas. Monitors the time histories of the concentrations of all gases in each zone using non-dispersive infra red gas analysers. Calculates air flow rates from experimental data.