mathematical modelling

The steady-state heat loss of a house can be expressed as the sum of the above-grade conduction loss, the below-grade conduction loss, and the infiltration loss, minus the solar gain. Each of these terms is the product of a weather related variable and a coefficient that describes a physical characteristic of the house. If the infiltration driving force is properly defined, the infiltration coefficient is the equivalent leakage area.

This paper deals with a new computer program, MOVECOMP, which calculates the in- and exfiltration and the airflows between the rooms of a multicell building. The calculations are made due to wind and thermal forces and the characteristics of the leakage openings. MOVECOMP was developed to be user friendly: input data are limited and output data are very flexible. The userchooses which output he wants from a menu. The building is described with asystem of pressure nodes, connected to each other through flow-pressure difference functions.

Industrial buildings, particularly those containing nuclear and process plant, often require high standards of ventilation in order to cope with unusual features of the operations or process which take place within the buildings.

Data on indoor/outdoor pollutant and tracer concentrations were collected during different periods in 1981 at a residence in Newton, MA. 

Measured energy consumption figures are presented for a townhouse complex located in Regina, Saskatchewan. The complex consists of 8 two-storey wood frame structures incorporating low energy design principles and some passive solar features. 

Describes a mathematical model for the detailed calculation of ventilation heat losses in buildings. The model takes account of the prevailing wind and buoyancy forces, the leakiness of the building facades and internal doors, and the effect of mechanical ventilation. Derives a simplified calculation method. The calculation results are presented as formulae, in numeric and graphical form. Presents results for a 70 m high residential building.

Two bi-level houses in Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, of identical design and construction were studied to determine the relationships among air exchange, energy consumption, and indoor pollutants. The experimental house was retrofitted and equip

The typical infiltration load for a residential building has been found to range from one-third to one-half of the total space conditioning load. However, most infiltration measurements have been made on single-family houses. 

The ventilation of a large room is often achieved by supplying inlet air from a small side-wall mounted opening. The velocity distribution in a typical room with a small circular inlet opening close to the ceiling is described. The supplied air forms a wall jet below the ceiling which is easy to describe in terms of velocity distribution, entrainment, etc. The jet is deflected at the end wall opposite the supply opening and the resultant flow in the lower part of the room - the occupied zone - has a rather complicated structure.

The emission of organic gases and vapours of solvent type from 42 commonly used building materials was measured under standard atmospheric conditions.