computer simulation

To reduce the potential risk of airborne infectious diseases during an outbreak or to detect a chemical/biological release by a terrorist, it is essential to place appropriate chemical/biological sensors in commercial airliner cabins. This investigation studied sensor responses along the length of a fully occupied twin-aisle cabin with 210 seats by using a validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) program. The results revealed that seating arrangements can make cross sectional airflow pattern considerably asymmetrical.

An ESP-r component model for gas-fired water storage tanks was developed within the context of the simulation for building-integrated cogeneration systems. Charged by the cogeneration unit with gas back-up, the tank can be used to satisfy both domestic hot water needs and space heating.

Heating and cooling of buildings may be done by water based radiant systems, where pipes areembedded in the concrete slabs between each storey. Hundreds of buildings with such systems arenow being constructed or are in operation in Europe.Because these types of systems are using the building mass for heating and cooling it is oftenquestioned how the systems should be controlled and operated. The present paper presents aparametric study of different control and operation concepts for both cooling (summer) and heating(winter) periods.

Discusses the accurate evaluation of the effect of thermal bridges on building energy performance using a modelling approach. Sisley software was used first of all to model the heat transfers in the intersections of walls. CLIM 2000 was used to reduce and integrate the models. A comparison was done between these results and the models obtained from thermal regulation values. It appeared that detailed modelling of heat transfers would provide an increased accuracy of around 5% when evaluating the building heat loss.

The thermal dynamic behaviour of buildings is solved by different methods; one of them is based on simulation by means of thermal node models. Computed results of the internal air temperature or the surface temperature are influenced by the used method, by the model for a solved problem situation, and by input values of model elements. The influence of the particular model element can be found by means of a sensitivity analysis.

A course which implemented a computer tool •As/CL/MA", as an aid in passive solar design, was taught in the School of Architecture of the University of Zulia, in Maracaibo, Venezuela. AS/CL/MA was designed by the author and used by students for the simulation of thermal conditions inside buildings. The students applied their creativity to generate ideas and the computer program to evaluate them, with the benefit of increased speed and precision over manual methods.

Sustainable building design has received increased attention over recent years and the use of natural ventilation in non-domestic buildings has been integral to this forward-looking issue. Natural ventilation design has been assisted by the availability of computer-based simulation techniques capable of predicting aspects of building design such as thermal comfort and air quality.

Computer simulation of building airtightness measurements shows the effect of changes inpressure distribution across the building envelope due to wind force and temperature differenceon measurement accuracy. The wide range of leakage distributions, wind directions and velocitiesconsidered give information on the boundaries of these uncertainties. For wind velocities on siteof v(site) ~= 3 m/s, the additional uncertainty in the flow rate at 50 Pa (Q50) found is comparable tothe uncertainty due to standard pressure gauges or operator (about 3%).