IBPSA2001

Future cities are likely to be characterised by a greater level of renewable energy systems deployment. Maximum impact will be achieved when such systems are used to offset local energy demands in contrast to current philosophy dictating the grid connection of large schemes. This paper reports on the development of a software tool, MERIT, for demand/ supply matching. The purpose of MERIT is to assist with the deployment of renewable energy systems at all scales.

The Energy Resources Center (ERC) at the University of Illinois at Chicago conducted an energy assessment to determine the peak cooling loads of the Museum of Science and Industry (MSI) as part of MSI’s Long Term Development Plan. MSI is located in Chicago, Illinois next to Lake Michigan, and experiences substantial seasonal weather changes. The DOE-2.1E program was used to accomplish this goal. The MSI intended to use the DOE-2.1E model to analyze the lifecycle costs of several mechanical equipment configurations.

This paper describes the modelling and simulation work that was carried out to support the design team of the new "Indonesian Jungle" pavilion in Prague Zoo.   This   pavilion   is   basically   a   very   large transparent (acrylic) dome maintaining a warm and humid jungle-like indoor environment. Problematic issues include very high solar gains in summer, very high heat losses in winter, and potential condensation against the roof at various times throughout the year. After elaborating the above, the various modelling problems associated with this building are discussed.

Over the last fifteen years, there have been a number of UK initiatives which facilitated practitioner access to simulation programs (e.g. Clarke and Maver 1991; McElroy et al 1997). Following the success of these activities, the Scottish Energy Sys tems Group (SESG) was established in 1999 to assist with the further transfer of simulation into design practice. The SESG is a joint government, industry and academic venture.

In recent years several daylighting systems were developed. Due to a generally felt lack of daylight because of climatic conditions the development was mainly concentrated in Central Europe, Japan, the United States and Australia.

There are two purposes for this paper, one is that the calculation method, which took sunlight into consideration using All Sky Model, is shown, and another is executing simulations by this method. The simulations are able to verify the daylighting technique of Japanese traditional architecture. Skylight and sunlight intensity are calculated using All Sky Model. The algorithm of daylight calculation uses the virtual cube, which divided into many grid cells. This cube is placed on a sample point and the illumination at the sample point from each patch is calculated.

Due to in adequate architectural standards and bad building design, one can frequently find school buildings with very bad performance regarding energy efficiency. This paper is part of a extensive research program aiming to examine the influence several architectural parameters in the environmental and energy performance of classrooms in warm humid tropics. Here it presents a parametric investigation on the effect of four different courtyard configurations on daylighting of typical Brazilian classrooms.

The use of daylighting in buildings can be an improvement when trying to enhance the environmental quality and the energy efficiency of them. When we talk about commercial buildings, especially shopping centers, daylight has a specific significance, due to the use of the building e the various activities performed inside. This article presents some results of simulations with the software Lightscape®, utilizing different design solutions and components, aiming to improve the existing situation in terms of visual comfort and energy efficiency in a case study building.

Daylight illuminance is one of the most important element which comprises the luminous environment by daylight both in interior and at outdoor of building. Daylight is taken into interior mainly through the window. Therefore, the plan of daylighting is closely connected with the design of openings such as window. Examples of application for daylight factor distribution in interior were calculated in several rooms with facing several orientations by using a simulation technique.

The energy efficiency of switchable (variable transmittance) windows having a control system based on occupancy, temperature and impinging solar radiation is evaluated.