Individual air distribution control panel on partition panel at personal task area.

A general trend in intelligent buildings is the decentralization of environmental controlsystems. Decentralized environmental control systems have many advantages over centralizedsystems. In order to filly utilize a decentralized control system, the control zone should becompletely individualized so that one occupant can feel free to adjust the air volume andtemperature without being concerned about affecting the comfort of other occupants. Afurniture integrated air distribution control system can provide highly individualizedenvironmental control.

Indicators of natural ventilation effectiveness in twelve New Zealand schools.

Classrooms in New Zealand schools are mostly low rise buildings with natural ventilationdesigns, sized for summer cooling. This study has investigated winter ventilationperformance in twenty-four classrooms in twelve primary schools in the Wellington region.Its purpose has been to provide baseline data on the effectiveness of existing naturalventilation, along with approximate pollutant profiles on which to base new mixed modeventilation designs.

Improving indoor air quality in dental practices and certain hospital environments with stand-alone air purification systems.

The goal of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stand-alone modular airpurification systems in improving air quality in dental practices and certain hospital andlaboratory environments. As air pollutant make-up and concentration may vary significantlyin different indoor enviromnents, the air cleaning technologies utilised should be optimisedfor the pollutants targeted in a particular environment. Reduction of mercury vapours andformaldehyde were examined because of their importance for indoor air quality in dentalpractices.

Factors influencing effectiveness of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation for inactivating airborne bacteria: air mixing and ventilation efficiency.

As a result of the recent resurgence in tuberculosis incidence, there has been increased interestin using ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) of room air to reduce exposures toinfectious agents. This paper presents results of experimental studies investigating how airmixing and ventilation influences the efficacy of UVGI for inactivating airborne bacteria.Tracer gasSFGand tracer particles generated by nebulization of a- salt solution were injected into a full-scale room. The particles simulate an aerosol carrying an infectious agent generated by persons coughing or sneezing.

Experimental measurements and characteristics of the supply air "ventilated" window.

A currently unresolved problem in building design in the paradox between increasing demand for good thermal insulation, and the requirement for ample levels of ventilation, to maintain a healthy indoor environment. A possible solution to this problem is a supply air 'ventilated' window. An experimental set-up has been designed to test the performance of the window under various conditions. The behaviour of the window is shown, and the factors affecting it's performance discussed.

Experimental development of a natural controlled ventilation device.

The Building Components Technology Department of ICITE, the Central Institute forIndustrialization and Technology in Building of the Italian National Research Council hasstarted an experimental research on natural controlled ventilation devices.Today the air quality of an indoor environment may have several effects on our health, due tothe presence of polluting and extremely noxious agents in the places we most frequently use.That is the reason why ICITE has undertaken to develop a research and an experimentationstudy aimed at establishing a device for the controlled natural ventilation of

Evaluation of electrostatic precipitator performance for submicron particle size range.

The fractional collection efficiency (FCE) tests of a commercially available two-stageelectrostatic precipitator (ESP) have been performed for six flow rates. The tests covered theparticle size range from 0.018-1.2micrometer using two types of test aerosols, NaCl andenvironmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Measurements were performed by means of twoScanning Mobility Particle Sizers (SMPS) and the Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS).

Effects of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation of room air on airborne bacteria and mycobacteria.

As a result of the recent resurgence in tuberculosis (TB), there has been renewed interest inengineering controls to reduce the spread of TB and other airborne infectious diseases in highrisk settings. This paper presents the results of experimental studies evaluating the efficacy ofultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) of room air in reducing the concentration of viableairborne bacteria. Bacterial particles (Bacillus subtilis spores and Mycobacteriumparafortuitum) were continuously generated in a 90m room.

Does the air quality deteriorate during the use of air filters?

Emissions from dust collected in air filters have been investigated using in situ and chambermeasurements. Two air filters (class F6 and F8/9) were exposed to outdoor air for a period ofsix months, after which measurements were carried out during continuous and intermittentoperation. Air samples were taken upstream and downstream of the filters and analysed forseveral substances, including VOCS, formaldehyde, microbial VOCS (MVOC), vital microorganisms,ergosterol and endotoxin.

Do plants in an office have any effect on indoor air microorganisms?

The role of indoor plants as a source of microorganisms was studied in six office rooms.Concentrations of microorganisms (both fungi and actinomycetes) were determined fromindoor air and settled dust before the plants were placed in the office rooms and afterwardswith the plants in the rooms.

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