Regression analysis of electric energy consumption of commercial buildings in Brazil

This paper describes a regression analysis performed over parameters related to two commercial building types and three weather files of Brazilian cities. A random sampling technique was applied to reduce the number of simulation runs needed in the parametric analysis. Equations to estimate the electric energy consumption as a function of building parameters were obtained.

Simulation enhanced prototying of an experimental solar house

This paper reports the design analysis process undertaken by the Georgia Tech Solar Decathlon 2007 team for an 800 sq.ft. solar-powered house. It presents the simulation process engaged over the entire design development cycle of the house (from conceptual to built), and demonstrates why, when, and how particular tools were deployed or developed on the basis of queries coming from diverse design team over several design iterations.

Building an urban energy performance framework: integrating spatial analysis and building simulation tools for campus planning

The tools that currently benchmark energy consumption beyond the building level are limited. This paper describes a framework utilizing simulation and spatial analysis tools to identify a credible set of campus energy performance indicators integrating both the building and site levels and taking into account the spatial arrangement surrounding each building. The research method propose a series of simulation experiments for a predefined group of building and site performance metrics classified under three categories: form, orientation and location.

Real-time determination of indoor contaminant source location and strength, Part II: with two sensors

In the preceding companion paper (Part I), a method with one sensor that could identify the indoor contaminant source location and strength in short time was presented. On the basis of further theoretical study, a method with two sensors is presented in this paper to identify contaminant source with higher accuracy. This paper demonstrates how to use the method with two sensors to find the location of contaminant source in a threedimensional room. In addition, the accuracy of two types of methods was compared.

Real-time determination of indoor contaminant source location and strength, Part I: with one sensor

In case contaminants are released in occupied rooms, it is necessary to determine the contaminant source location and strength rapidly so that prompt response measures can be taken to protect indoor occupants. This paper presents a new method with one sensor to identify the contaminant source location and strength. It completes the time-consuming computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations before the release event, and finds the source in real time during the event. In addition, an index called “correctness probability” for evaluating the accuracy of this method is proposed.

Simulation and analysis of indoor gas leakage

The indoor fire induced by gas leakages can cause a lot of property losses and fatalities. One of the  primary fire reasons is the explosion caused by the leaked gas concentrated within the explosive limits and an ignition source offered. In the paper, the characteristics of indoor gas leakages are disscussed and the theoretical models of the release rate and diffusion of gas are presented firstly.

CFD modelling of double-skin façades with venetian blinds

This paper describes CFD modelling of Double Skin Façades (DSF) with venetian blinds inside the façade cavity. The 2-D modelling work investigates the coupled convective, conductive and radiative heat transfer through the DSF system. The angles of the venetian blind can be adjusted and a series of angles (0, 30, 45, 60 and 80 degrees) has been modelled. The modelling results are compared with the measurements from a section of façade tested within a solar simulator and with predictions from a component based nodal model. Agreement between the three methods is generally good.

Energy based decision support system for facilities management: integration of data/web mining, knowledge base and thermal simulation

This paper presents the development and implementation of an Energy-based Decision Support System (EDSS) that will enhance the selection process of replacement building features. EDSS includes dynamic databases that utilize data/web mining concepts, Knowledge Base System (KBS) and a thermal simulation engine. The system allows decisions to be made based on a long-term vision incorporating energy cost savings rather than immediate needs. A stand-alone application was implemented based on EDSS.

Simulation support in designing the transformation of urban building stock and energy infrastructure

The transition of the urban building stock and infrastructure to sustainable forms is a key challenge in modern planning. The purpose of this paper is to propose a simulation model for energy use in the Japanese commercial sector. This model enables a user to consider a variety of energy-management concepts and discuss how urban building stock and infrastructure can be transformed over the coming decades. The model is characterized by having a bottom-up structure, which contributes to improving the reliability of the simulation results.

Study of cooling system with water mist sprayers ―fundamental examination of particle size distribution and cooling effects

A cooling system spraying micro water droplets could prove useful in mitigating temperature increases in urban areas by using heat from water evaporation, a process that consumes only small amounts of water and energy. If water mist is sprayed in a semi-outdoor area, for example under a canopy, it could potentially improve conditions on hot days. However, there is little reference data concerning the design or control of such systems.

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