temperature

Gives a survey of the weather parameters used for the "Danish test reference year TRY" and the corresponding set of data from meteorological observations made during a 15 year period. Describes the measuring methods used for the most important weather parameters, and presents selected tables and diagrams with some of the most important weather data. Gives possible fields of application for the test reference year.

The second of two sections of a report of air change measurements in the winter period 1975/76 of non-air conditioned buildings in Switzerland, chiefly dwellings. Recapitulates the reasons for the research, the theoretical bases, measurement method used and aims of the experimental investigations. Sets outin tables detailed results of measurements carried out in a wide range of Swiss dwellings of different ages, locations, construction, design and type.

Gives measurements of the ventilation as well as the temperature efficiency of mechanical supply and exhaust systems (balanced systems). The ventilation efficiency is a measure of the performance of providing air in the occupied zone and is also an indicator of the air quality. The temperature efficiency is a measure of the system's capability of supplying heat in the occupied zone. Monitors ventilation efficiencies by adopting tracer decay techniques and the temperature efficiencies by measuring the stationary temperatures.

Describes detailed experimental analysis of the low energy Plainevaux House with regard to:< 1. Air infiltration, measured by the decay rate of CO2 tracer gas< 2. Air tightness, measured by the fan pressurization technique< 3. The evolution of inside temperature in a period of no-heating< 4. The corresponding air contamination.

Sets of hourly data, representing the long term mean of both temperature and solar radiation, have been prepared for 21 U.S. metropolitan areas. The 8,760 sequential hourly values for all weather elements, including solar data, have been placed on magnetic tape for use in computer calculations of energy requirements.

Presents a long term calculation method for indoor air temperature and moisture variation related to the water vapour condensation problem in a detached residence. In this method, the multi-room infiltration calculation is developed. Furthermore the effect of sorption and description of a room, which is evaluated by means of a short term experiment, is introduced.

Reports comparison of three computer programs designed to calculate room air temperature and heating loads. The programs are:< BRIS - a swedish program using a finite difference method< BYVOK - a norwegian program using the thermal response factor method

Describes measurements of airtightness and ventilation in prefabricated 'modulent' houses, 25 single-storey with habitable lofts and 8 single-storey, all with mechanical extract systems. Measurements used pressure method and tracer gas in houses with different airtightness, types of window, windproofing and facing materials. Possibility of presetting ventilation terminals and fans to achieve recommended airflows was investigated. Treatsrelationship between wind, temperature and airtightness. Notes number of shortcomings in ventilation system discovered during investigation.

Heat load from passage of cold outside air to building interior is function of wind speed and outdoor air temperature. Analyses meteorological data to determine suitable design conditions for accurate assessment of infiltration heat losses. Terms multiple of wind speed and indoor-to-outdoor air temperature 'wind-temp number' using it as measure of infiltration heat loss caused by wind. Plots these numbers for range of outdoor air temperatures and wind directions.

Discusses how building ventilation is affected both by steady mean effect of air pressures and temperatures around and within the building and turbulent nature of the wind causing air diffusion through openings and cracks in the building envelope. Studies ventilation of an enclosure with a single opening subjected to turbulent impinging airstream. Derives simple theoretical models to assist understanding of physical phenomena causing air-flow through the opening. Compares these with results of experiments on a large-scale model, states need forfurther work on this problem.