In Sweden, the activity on building new residences has been decreased for a number of years. The building stock as an average has therefore become older and in the future it will be subject for refurbishment. This paper deals with how to optimise retrofit measures, i.e. how to act in order to minimise the Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) of a building. Insulation measures are emphasised but also other retrofits are dealt with such as changing the heating system. It is shown that the heating system has a vital influence on the optimal amount of extra insulation which is to be applied.
The low-slope roofs of ten cold storage buildings in the Dallas area were examined visually and thermo graphically (Tobiasson and Korhonen 1985) from above and below. Two inch (51 mm) diameter cores were taken to verify infrared findings and to determine moisture contents for estimating wet thermal resistances (Tobiasson et al. 1991 ). Twelve inch (0.3 m) square specimens of many of the insulations were removed for laboratory studies of their thermal properties and structure.
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