The reduction of ventilation heat loss by porosity.

By observing animal housing in severely cold conditions it was realised that an airtight building with mechanical ventilation did not provide the optimum solution, but better results were obtained from porous buildings. Reports aninvestigation made on a large model building simulating the humidity and temperature conditions in animal housing during winter. The model had a porous ceiling of flax straw.

Evaluation of ventilation requirements and consumption in existing New York City school.

Reports study of the energy consumption and ventilation requirements of typical existing public schools in New York. Electricity and fuel-oil consumption data from May 1970 to April 1973 from 19 schools were analysed.

Changes of indoor climate in dwellings because of renewal of windows and tightening of joints. Indeklimaforandringer i bolige efter vinduesudskiftninger og fugetaetning.

In order to reduce heating energy consumption, single glazed windows are commonly replaced by double glazing and joints tightened in Danish dwellings. Reports investigation of the influence of such tightening of dwellings on the indoor climate. 25 tightened and 25 not-tightened identical flats were investigated. Finds an improvement in thermal climate and a significant reduction in heat consumption in the retrofitted flats. Finds absolute humidity of indoor air was significantly higher in improved flats, probably due to reduced ventilation.

The thermal and ventilative properties of dwellings in Hokkaido.

Describes the thermal and ventilative properties of some older dwellings and the latest test dwelling in Hokkaido. Results include the following.< 1) The above mentioned older dwellings suffer a great heat loss by ventilation and conduction. Therefore such dwellings must be retrofitted.< 2) The airtight dwelling is in danger of condensation due to high humidity.< 3) In the future, the heat recovery system should be used in the airtight dwelling to get rid of high humidity and to increase the supply of fresh air.

Infiltration and indoor air temperature and moisture variation in a detached residence.

Presents a long term calculation method for indoor air temperature and moisture variation related to the water vapour condensation problem in a detached residence. In this method, the multi-room infiltration calculation is developed. Furthermore the effect of sorption and description of a room, which is evaluated by means of a short term experiment, is introduced.

Controlling moisture in the home.

Ventilation is a key factor in low energy housing and in temperate maritime climates such as Britain's moisture is a major factor in determining ventilation needs. Outlines necessary levels of humidity for both people and buildings. Summarises sources of moisture. Discusses control of humidity by either mechanical ventilation or heat pump dehumidification.

Measurement of air leakage of houses.

Reports tests of the air leakage of 24 houses made using a fan to depressurize each house. Gives a table of results including indoor humidity, air-particulate levels, energy consumption and comfort conditions for each house. Comparison of test results with calculated values for air leakage suggests than doors and windows account for only a fraction of the total. Finds some correlation between indoor humidity, air-particulate levels and leakage.

An air to air heat exchanger for residences.

An air to air heat exchanger is only of value if one can control the movement of air into and out of the house. Suggests measures for reducing air leakage. describes construction of an air to air heat exchanger. Finds that heat exchanger can be used to control humidity in houses. Suggests use of a solar collector to preheat the cold outside air entering the heat exchanger.

Influence of mechanical ventilation on moisture content of bathroom air.

Reports experimental investigation of moisture content of bathroom air during and after a shower. Describes test apparatus and procedure. Gives graphs of dry and wet bulb temperature, relative humidity and absolute humidity for various mechanical ventilation rates as functions of time. Gives results of measurements of tracer-gas decay rates for various mechanical ventilation rates. Presents theoretical model for calculations of moisture content in air in bathrooms and finds excellent agreement with experimental data.

Indoor air pollution due to chipboard used as a construction material

Chipboard is a common building construction material which continuously emanates formaldehyde. Reports measurements of concentrations of formaldehyde in 24 rooms in 23 Danish dwellings where chipboard was used for walls, floors and ceilings. Gives results in table 1 of concentrations underdifferent combinations of temperature, humidity and ventilation rate. Finds average concentration of 0.62 mg/m3 and in some rooms concentration exceeded the German threshold limit for occupational exposure. Develops mathematical model for the room air concentration of formaldehyde.

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