AIVC Technical Reports

Parameters for the design of demand controlled hybrid ventilation systems for residential buildings

3.8 MB

Viktor Dorer, Andreas Pfeiffer, Andreas Weber
AIVC Technical Note 59, 2005, 120 pp, Code TN 59

This AIVC Technical Note has been produced in the frame of the EU RESHYVENT project, conducted from January 2002 to December 2004. An outline of this project is given in the introduction of this report. The report initially was aimed at the project participants; however, many information may also be of general interest to manufacturers and designers of hybrid residential ventilation systems. Therefore it has been made available to a wider audience by publication as an AIVC TN.

For the design of demand controlled hybrid ventilation systems for residential buildings, the report gives detailed background information on topics which are not sufficiently covered by existing literature (e.g. wind pressures or thermal comfort evaluation by CFD simulation). The report also gives detailed information on input data necessary to perform computer simulations for the performance analysis of systems.

Within RESHYVENT, the information and data given in this report were aimed at the industrial consortia for the development and analysis of their systems and performance assessment simulations. Parts of this report were also used for the preparation of the RESHYVENT source book on residential hybrid ventilation.

Contents

SCOPE 1
NOMENCLATURE 2
1. INTRODUCTION 5
   1.1. THE RESHYVENT PROJECT 5
   1.2. THE FOUR RESIDENTIAL HYBRID VENTILATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPED IN THE FRAME OF THE RESHYVENT PROJECT 6
2. WIND EFFECTS IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 13
   2.1. STATE-OF-THE-ART, PRESENT KNOWLEDGE 13
   2.2. ON WIND DATA IN METEO FILES 21
   2.3. WIND EFFECTS IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT 21
3. COWL PERFORMANCE AND ABOVE ROOF AIR FLOW FIELDS 22
   3.1. COWL PERFORMANCE 22
   3.2. FROM EXPERIMENTAL DATA TO PRESSURE DIFFERENCES OF COWLS ON THE ROOF 25
4. INFLUENCE OF BUILDING LEAKAGE ON PRESSURE LEVELS AND OUTDOOR AIR FLOW RATES 40
   4.1. BUILDING LEAKAGE 40
   4.2. BUILDING LEAKAGE DISTRIBUTION 41
5. PRESSURE DIFFERENCE ACROSS FAÇADES, EXHAUST GRIDS AND FAN 46
   5.1. GENERIC RESULTS OF COMIS SIMULATION FOR SYSTEM 2 46
6. EFFECT OF OUTDOOR AIR TRANSFER DEVICES ON ROOM AIR FLOW AND THERMAL COMFORT 55
   6.1. INTRODUCTION 55
   6.2. EXPERIMENTIAL INVESTIGATIONS 55
   6.3. THEORY OF AIR JETS APPLIED TO THE FLOW FIELD OF ATD 63
   6.4. COMFORT EVALUATION USING CFD 68
   6.5. ATD WITH SUPPLY AIR PREHEATING CAPABILITY 75
7. IAQ RELATED FACTORS 80
   7.1. POLLUTANT SOURCES DUE TO HUMAN METABOLISM 80
   7.2. INTERNAL POLLUTANT SOURCES 81
   7.3. OCCUPANT PRESENCE AND ACTIVITY SCHEDULES 85
8. APPLICATION POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF CFD 87
   8.1. MODELLING OF AIR FLOWS AROUND BUILDINGS 87
9. REFERENCES 106